td623

Audio by
Shimi Berger

Mishnah Tamid 6:2: The one who had won the right to do the firepan [service], made a heap of coals on the top of the [inner] altar and then spreading them out with the bottom of the firepan
and bowed down and went out.

מי שזכה במחתה. צבר את הגחלים על גבי המזבח. ורדדן בשולי המחתה. והשתחוה ויצא:

Mishnah Tamid 6:3: The one who had won the right to the incense [service] took the censer from the spoon and gave it [the censer] to his friend or his relative [of his choice]. If some of it spilled into the spoon, he [the friend or relative] would give it to him [the priest] and put it into his hands. They would instruct him: Be careful not to begin [by dropping the incense] in front of you or else you may burn yourself. He then began spreading the incense and then went out. The one who burned the incense did not do so until the appointed one said to him,”Burn the incense.” If it [the one offering] was the Kohen Gadol he would say to him:”Master Kohen Gadol, burn the incense.” The people went out and he [the priest] burned the incense, he bowed down and went out.

מי שזכה בקטרת. היה נוטל את הבזך מתוך הכף. ונותנו לאוהבו או לקרובו. נתפזר ממנו לתוכו. נותנו לו בחפניו ומלמדים אותו. הוי זהיר שמא תתחיל לפניך. שלא תכוה. התחיל מרדד ויוצא לא היה המקטיר מקטיר. עד שהממונה אומר לו הקטר. אם היה כהן גדול. הממונה אומר אישי כהן גדול הקטר. פרשו העם. והקטיר והשתחוה ויצא:

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td5661

Audio by
Shimi Berger

Mishnah Tamid 5:6: They [the two priests designated to bring the incense and the coals] arrived at the area between the vestibule [of the sanctuary] and the [copper] altar and one took the Magrefa [a shovel-shaped instrument that makes loud sound when thrown] and threw it between the vestibule and the altar. No one could hear the sound of his friend in Jerusalem [when it was thrown] because of the [loud] sound of the Magrefa. And [the trowing] served three functions: A kohen [standing outside] who heard its sound knew that his brothers, the priests were [currently] entering [the sanctuary] to bow down and he would run and go [to join them]. A Levi that heard its sound knew that his brother Levites were entering to sing the [daily] song and he would run [to join them]. And the head of the Ma’amad [one of 24 regions, each of which sent in turn a delegation to the Temple to be present and represent the entire people at the public sacrifices] would gather the impure people at the eastern gate [of the Temple Mount].

הגיעו בין האולם ולמזבח. נטל אחד את המגרפה. וזורקה בין האולם ולמזבח. אין אדם שומע קול חברו בירושלים. מקול המגרפה. ושלשה דברים היתה משמשת. כהן ששומע את קולה. יודע שאחיו הכהנים נכנסים להשתחוות והוא רץ ובא. ובן לוי שהוא שומע את קולה. יודע שאחיו הלוים נכנסים לדבר בשיר. והוא רץ ובא. וראש המעמד. היה מעמיד את הטמאים בשער המזרח:

Mishnah Tamid 6:1: They [the two priests] began to ascend the steps of
the vestibule. Those who had won the right to remove the ashes from the inner
altar and from the Menorah went before them. The one who won the right to remove
the ashes from the inner altar went in and took the basket and bowed down and
went out again. The one who had won the right to remove the ashes from the
Menorah went in, and if he found the two eastern lamps still burning he would
remove the ash from the eastern one and left the western one burning, since from
it he [the priest] lit the Menorah in the evening. If he found that this one
[the western one] had gone out, he removed the ash and lit it [in the evening]
from the burnt-offering altar. He then took the jug from the second step and
bowed down and went out.

החלו עולים במעלות האולם מי שזכו בדישון מזבח הפנימי והמנורה. היו מקדימין לפניהם. מי שזכה בדישון מזבח הפנימי. נכנס ונטל את הטני. והשתחוה ויצא. מי שזכה בדישון המנורה. נכנס ומצא שתי נרות מזרחיים דולקין. מדשן את המזרחי. ומניח את המערבי דולק. שממנו היה מדליק את המנורה בין הערבים. מצאו שכבה מדשנו ומדליקו ממזבח העולה. נטל את הכוז ממעלה שניה. והשתחוה ויצא:

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td545

Audio by
Shimi Berger

Mishnah Tamid 5:4: The one who won [the right] to [offer] the incense would take the spoon. The spoon was similar to a large gold Tarkav [measurement of volume] that could hold three kav
[measurement of volume] and in it there was a censer filled and piled
with incense. There was a cover [on the spoon] with a cloth attached to
it from above.

מי שזכה בקטרת היה נוטל את הכף. והכף דומה לתרקב גדול של זהב. מחזיק שלשת קבים. והבזך היה בתוכו מלא וגדוש קטרת. וכסוי היה לו. וכמין מטוטלת היה עליו מלמעלן:

Mishnah Tamid 5:5: The one who won [the right] to [do] the shovel [service] took the silver shovel and went to the top of the [copper] altar and pushed the coals to this side and that side and scooped [some coals]. He went down and poured it onto a [shovel of] gold. Approximately one kav [measurement of volume] of coals would scatter [when the coals were transferred], and he [another kohen] would sweep them to the ditch [that ran though the Temple Courtyard]. And on Shabbat [when he could not sweep the coals] he would cover them with a psakhter [a copper pot]. The copper pot was a large vessel that could hold a letekh [a measurement of volume] and there were two chains [attached] to it, one that he would use to pull on [when lowering the ash] and the pot would come down [the altar’s ramp] and one that he [another kohen]
would grab from on top it in order to prevent it from rolling [off the altar’s
ramp]. It [the copper pot] had three functions: they would cover the coals [that
spilled on Shabbat] or [to cover] a [dead] rodent [found in the Temple courtyard
on Shabbat], and they would lower the ash from on top of the altar [into it].

מי שזכה במחתה. נטל מחתת הכסף ועלה לראש המזבח. ופנה את הגחלים הילך והילך וחתה. ירד ועירן לתוך של זהב. נתפזר ממנו כקב גחלים. והיה מכבדן לאמה. ובשבת היה כופה עליהן פסכתר. ופסכתר היתה כלי גדול מחזקת לתך. ושתי שרשרות היו בה אחת שהוא מושך בה ויורד. ואחת שהיא אוחז בה מלמעלן בשביל שלא תתגלגל. ושלשה דברים היתה משמשת כופין אותה על גב גחלים ועל השרץ בשבת. ומורידין בה את הדשן מעל גבי המזבח:

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td523

Audio by
Shimi Berger

Mishnah Tamid 5:2: He [the appointed priest] said to them: The new [priests who have never offered] the incense, come and draw lots. They drew lots and the one who won, won. He said to them: The new and the old [priests], come and draw lots [to determine] who will bring up the limbs from the ramp to the altar. Rabbi Eliezer ben
Yaakov says: The one who would bring up the limbs to the ramp, he would
be the one who would bring them up to the top of the altar.

אמר להם חדשים לקטרת באו והפיסו. הפיסו זכה מי שזכה. חדשים עם ישנים בואו והפיסו. מי מעלה אברים מן הכבש למזבח. רבי אליעזר בן יעקב אומר המעלה אברים לכבש. הוא מעלה אותן על גבי המזבח:

Mishnah Tamid 5:3: They [the ones who lost the lottery] were given over
to the caretakers. They would remove their [priestly] garments and would not
leave anything on except for their pants. And there were cubicles [in the wall,
used for storage of the clothing] and on each [cubicle] was written what garment
was put there.

מסרום לחזנים היו מפשיטין אותם את בגדיהם. לא היו מניחין עליהם אלא מכנסים בלבד. וחלונות היו שם. וכתוב עליהם תשמישי הכלים:

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td412

Audio by
Shimi Berger

Mishnah Tamid 4:1: They would not tie the lamb up [for slaughtering, as was normally done], but would bind it [right forelimb to right hind limb and left forelimb to left hind limb]. The ones who won [the right] to [carry] the limbs would hold it [as it was being slaughtered]. This is how they would bind it: its head would face south and its face turned [to face]to the west. The one slaughtering it stood to the east [of the lamb] with his face to the west. [The Tamid offering] of the morning was slaughtered on the north western corner [of the altar], on the second ring. The [Tamid
offering] of the evening was slaughtered on the north eastern corner on
the second ring. The slaughterer would slaughter and the one who [was
designated] to receive [the blood] would receive it and go to the north
eastern corner [of the altar] and tossed it to the east and north. [Then
he went to] the south western [corner] and tossed it to the west and
south. The rest of the blood was poured on the southern base [of the
altar].

לא היו כופתין את הטלה אלא מעקדין אותו. מי שזכו באברים אוחזים בו. וכך היתה עקידתו ראשו לדרום. ופניו למערב. השוחט עומד במזרח ופניו למערב. של שחר היה נשחט על קרן צפונית מערבית על טבעת שניה. של בין הערבים היה נשחט על קרן מזרחית צפונית על טבעת שניה. שחט השוחט וקבל המקבל. בא לו לקרן מזרחית צפונית. ונותן מזרחה צפונה. מערבית דרומית. ונותן מערבה דרומה. שירי הדם היה שופך על יסוד דרומית:

Mishnah Tamid 4:2: [The one who hung the Tamid and cut it apart] would
not break its leg [as butchers do], rather he would make a hole in it through
its knee and hang it [from the hole]. He would skin it and go downward until he
reached the chest. [When] he reached the chest, he would cut the head and give
it the one who won [the right] to [carry] it. He would cut the feet [lower end
near the hoof] and give them to the one who won [the right] to [carry] them. He
would then finish the skinning. [Then] he would rip [out] the heart and remove
its blood. He would cut [off] the front [upper] legs and give them to the one
who won [the right] to [carry] them. He went up to the right hind [upper] leg
and cut it off and give it to the one who won [the right] to [carry] and the two
testicles were [attached] to it. He would tear apart [the rest of the lamb] and
[the body cavity] would be exposed before him. He would take the fat and put it
over [cover] the place of slaughter of the head, on top of it. He would take the
intestines and give them to the one who won [the right] to them to rinse them.
And the rumen, they would rinse in the rinsing chamber. They would rinse it as
much as necessary. The intestines, were rinsed at least three time on the tables
of marble that were between the pillars.

לא היה שיבר בו את הרגל אלא נוקבו מתוך ערכובו ותולה בו. היה מפשיט ויורד עד שהוא מגיע לחזה. הגיע לחזה. חתך את הראש. ונתנו למי שזכה בו. חתך את הכרעים. ונתנן למי שזכה בהן. מירק את ההפשט. קרע את הלב והוציא את דמו. חתך את הידים. ונתנן למי שזכה בהן. עלה לרגל הימנית. חתכה ונתנה למי שזכה בה. ושתי ביצים עמה. קרעו ונמצא כולו גלוי לפניו. נטל את הפדר. ונתנו על בית שחיטת הראש מלמעלן. נטל את הקרביים ונתנן למי שזכה בהם להדיחן. והכרס מדיחין אותה בבית מדיחין. כל צרכה. והקרבים מדיחין אותן שלשה פעמים במיעוטה. על שולחנות של שיש שבין העמודים:

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Audio by
Shimi Berger

Mishnah Tamid 3:8: From Jericho they would hear the sound of the Great Gate being opened. From Jericho they would hear the sound of the Magrefa [lit. shovel, a musical instrument with holes in it ] From Jericho they would hear the sound of the wood that ben Katin made for the wheel of the laver. From Jericho they would hear the sound of Gevini the Announcer [that the priests should begin their service]. From Jericho they would hear the sound of the flute. From Jericho they would hear the sound of the cymbal. From Jericho they would hear the sound of the [daily] song [of the Levites]. From Jericho they would hear the sound of the shofar [sounded daily]. There are those that say [they even heard] the sound of the Kohen Gadol [the High Priest] at the time when he would mention the name [of G-d] on Yom Kippur. From Jericho they would smell the aroma of the compounding of the incense. Rabbi Eliezer ben Daglai said: [My] father had goats on the mountains of Michvar
and they would sneeze from the smell of the compounding of the incense.

מיריחו היו שומעין קול שער הגדול שנפתח. מיריחו היו שומעין קול המגריפה. מיריחו היו שומעין קול העץ שעשה בן קטין מוכני לכיור. מיריחו היו שומעין קול גביני כרוז. מיריחו היו שומעין קול החליל. מיריחו היו שומעין קול הצלצל. מיריחו היו שומעין קול השיר. מיריחו היו שומעים קול השופר. ויש אומרים אף קול של כהן גדול בשעה שהוא מזכיר את השם ביום הכפורים מיריחו היו מריחים ריח פטום הקטרת. אמר רבי אליעזר בן דגלאי עזים היו לבית אבא בהר מכוור. והיו מתעטשות מריח פטום הקטורת:

Mishnah Tamid 3:9: The one who won [the right] to remove the ash from the inner altar, went in and took the basket [used to collect the ash] and placed it in front of him, and he would scoop [the ashes] and put them inside it [the basket], and in the end, he swept the rest into it [the basket] and he would leave it [in the sanctuary] there and leave. The one who won [the right] to remove the ashes from the Menora , would enter [the sanctuary], [if] he found the two eastern lamps [still] lit, he would remove the ash from the other [lamps] ned leave the ones burning in their place. If he found them extinguished, he would remove the ashes from them and re-kindle them from the ones that were still lit and then remove the ashes from the rest. There was a stone in front of the Menora which had three steps that on them the priest would stand and prepare the lamps. He would leave the jug on the second step and leave.

מי שזכה בדשון מזבח הפנימי. נכנס ונטל הטני. והניחו לפניו. והיה חופן ונותן לתוכו. ובאחרונה כיבד את השאר לתוכו והניחו ויצא. מי שזכה בדישון המנורה נכנס ומצא שתי נרות מזרחיות דולקים מדשן את השאר. ומניח את אלו דולקים במקומן. מצאן שכבו. מדשנן ומדליקן מן הדולק. ואחר כך מדשן את השאר. ואבן היתה לפני המנורה ובה שלש מעלות שעליה הכהן עומד ומטיב את הנרות והניח את הכוז על מעלה שניה ויצא:

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Audio by
Shimi Berger

Mishnah Tamid 3:6: The one who won [the right to remove] the ash from the inner altar and [the one who won that right] for the Menora would go ahead and had four vessels were in their hands: [they were] the basket [to hold the ash from the inner altar] and the jug [to hold the ash from the Menora] and two keys. The basket was similar [approximately] to a tarkav [measurement of volume]of [made of] gold that could hold two and a half kav
[measurement of volume]. The jug was similar to a large pitcher [made
of] of gold. And the two keys, one [was to unlock the door from the
inside] he put [his hand through a small opening] up to the armpit, and
one [was for a lock] that could be opened quickly.

מי שזכה בדישון מזבח הפנימי והמנורה. היו מקדימין וארבעה כלים בידם. הטני. והכוז. ושתי מפתחות. הטני דומה לתרקב גדול של זהב מחזיק קבין וחצי. והכוז דומה לקתון גדול של זהב. ושתי מפתחות אחד יורד לאמת השחי ואחד פותח כיון:

Mishnah Tamid 3:7: He came to the northern small opening. There were two
small openings in the Great Gate, one in the north [side of the gate] and one in
the south [side]. The one in the south, no one ever entered through it, and
about it Yechezkel explained and said, "And the LORD said unto me: ‘This gate
shall be shut, it shall not be opened, neither shall any man enter in by it, for
the LORD, the G-d of Israel, hath entered in by it; therefore it shall be shut."
(Ezekiel 44:2) He took the key and opened the small opening. He entered the cell
and from the cell to the sanctuary until he reached the Great Gate. [When] he
reached the Great Gate he removed the bolt and the locks and opened it. The one
who was slaughtering [the tamid offering] would not slaughter until he heard the
sound of the Great Gate was opened.

בא לו לפשפש הצפוני. ושני פשפשין היו לו לשער הגדול אחד בצפון ואחד בדרום. שבדרום לא נכנס בו אדם מעולם. ועליו הוא מפורש על ידי יחזקאל (יחזקאל מד, ב) ויאמר אלי ה’ השער הזה סגור יהיה לא יפתח ואיש לא יבא בו כי ה’ אלהי ישראל בא בו והיה סגור. נטל את המפתח ופתח את הפשפש נכנס לתא ומן התא אל ההיכל עד שהוא מגיע לשער הגדול. הגיע לשער הגדול העביר את הנגר ואת הפותחות ופתחו. לא היה שוחט השוחט עד ששומע קול שער הגדול שנפתח:

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Audio by
Shimi Berger

Mishnah Tamid 3:4: They [the priests] then went to the Chamber of Vessels and took out from there ninety three silver vessels and golden utensils. They would give the [lamb to be] the Tamid
[offering] to drink from a golden cup. Even though it had been checked
[for blemishes] the previous evening, they would check it [now] by the
light of a torch.

נכנסו ללשכת הכלים והוציאו משם תשעים ושלשה כלי כסף וכלי זהב. השקו את התמיד בכוס של זהב. אף על פי שהוא מבוקר מבערב מבקרין אותו לאור האבוקות:

Mishnah Tamid 3:5: The one who won [the right to slaughter] the tamid
[offering], would drag it and go to the House of Slaughtering [the area where
the offerings were slaughtered] and the ones who won [the right to place] the
limbs would walk with him. The House of Slaughtering was to the north of the
altar and near it there were eight short pillars and squares of cedar wood were
[each] of them and iron hooks were inserted into them [the squares]; there were
three sets [of hooks] for each one [block], upon which they would hang [the
slaughtered animal]. The [animal] would be skinned on marble tables that were
between the pillars.

מי שזכה בתמיד מושכו והולך לבית המטבחים. ומי שזכה באיברים הולכין אחריו. בית המטבחים היה לצפונו של מזבח. ועליו שמונה עמודים ננסין ורביעית של ארז על גביהן ואונקליות של ברזל היו קבועין בהן ושלשה סדרים היה לכל אחד ואחד. שבהן תולין ומפשיטין על שלחנות של שיש שבין העמודים:

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Mishnah Tamid 3:2: The appointed [priest] said to them: Go out and see if the time of slaughtering [the Tamid] has arrived. If it [the time] has arrived, the watchman would say, “It [the eastern sky] is shining [it is dawn].” Masya ben Shmuel
says: [the priest would then ask] "Has the eastern sky is lit up until
Chevron?" and he [the watchman] would say "Yes!"

אמר להם הממונה צאו וראו אם הגיע זמן השחיטה. אם הגיע הרואה אומר ברקאי. מתיא בן שמואל אומר האיר פני כל המזרח עד שהוא בחברון והוא אומר הין:

Mishnah Tamid 3:3: He [The appointed priest] said to them: Go out and bring a lamb from the Chamber of Lambs. Now, the Chamber of Lambs was in the north-western corner [of the Chamber of Fire]. There were four chambers there: one was the chamber of lambs, one was the Chamber of Seals, [where one could buy tokens marked with the appropriate meal offering], one was the Chamber of Fire, and one was the chamber where they would make the Lechem HaPanim.

אמר להם צאו והביאו טלה מלשכת הטלאים. והרי לשכת הטלאים היתה במקצוע צפונית מערבית וארבע לשכות היו שם. אחת לשכת הטלאים. ואחת לשכת החותמות ואחת לשכת בית המוקד. ואחת לשכת שהיו עושין בה לחם הפנים.

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td2531

Audio by
Shimi Berger

Mishnah Tamid 2:5: They would select [from the stockpile] nice [logs] of fig wood to arrange the secondary pyre [used for] incense. [It was] opposite the south western corner [of the altar], pulled in from the corner four amot [cubits] towards the north. [They placed enough wood] that by their estimation[ would produce] five Se’ah [Mishnaic volume] of coals and on Shabbat [they would place on this pyre enough wood] that they esimated [would produce] eight Se’ah of coals, for that was where they would placed the two spoonfull of frankincense of the Lechem HaPanim [show breads placed on the table in the Temple]. The limbs and the fats that were not consumed [by the primary fire] the previous evening [and had been temporarily placed on the sides of the altar] they [the priests] would return them to the pyre. They ignited the pyres with fire and went down [from the altar] and went to the Chamber of Hewn Stone.

בררו משם עצי תאנה יפין לסדר המערכה שניה לקטורת מכנגד קרן מערבית דרומית משוך מן הקרן כלפי צפון ארבע אמות. בעומד חמש סאים גחלים. ובשבת בעומד שמונת סאין גחלים. ששם היו נותנין שני בזיכי לבונה של לחם הפנים. האיברים והפדרים שלא נתאכלו מבערב מחזירין אותן למערכה. הציתו שתי המערכות באש וירדו ובאו להם ללשכת הגזית:

Mishnah Tamid 3:1: The appointed [priest] said to them: Come and draw lots [to determine] who will slaughter [the daily Tamid offering], who will throw the blood [of the offering on the altar], who will remove the ash from the inner altar, who will remove the ash from the Menora who will take the limbs [of the Tamid offering] up the ramp [of the altar]. [Specifically who will transport] the head, the right hind leg, the two forelegs, the tail, the left hind leg, the chest, the neck, the two sides, the intestines, the fine flour [for the meal offering, offered daily along with the tamid], the Chavitim [the Kohen Gadol’s
daily meal offering of flour and oil baked in a pan] loaves and the wine [for
libation]. They would draw lots, and whoever won, won.

אמר להם הממונה בואו והפיסו מי שוחט. מי זורק. מי מדשן מזבח הפנימי. מי מדשן את המנורה. מי מעלה אברים לכבש. הראש והרגל. ושתי הידים. העוקץ והרגל. החזה והגרה. ושתי דפנות. הקרבים. והסלת. והחביתים. והיין. הפיסו זכה מי שזכה:

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