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פרק ג משנה יא
מקום שנהגו לכפול In a place where their practice is to double [phrases of Hallel]
יכפול he should double
לפשוט יפשוט [and where the custom is] to say it straight he should say it straight,
לברך אחריו יברך  [where the custom is] to make a bracha after, he makes a bracha after,
הכול כמנהג המדינה  everything according the practice of the land.
הלוקח לולב מחברו One who buys a lulav from his associate
 בשביעית during sheviis
נותן לו אתרוג במתנה he must give him the esrog as a gift
לפי שאין רשאי ללקחו בשביעית as it may not be purchased on sheviis
   
פרק ג משנה יב
בראשונה  Originally
היה לולב ניטל the lulav was taken
במקדש שבעה in the Beis Hamikdosh [all] seven [days of Succos]
ובמדינה יום אחד and in the provinces one day
משחרב בית המקדש when the Beis Hamikdosh was destroyed
התקין רבן יוחנן בן זכאי Rabban Yochanan ben Zakai instituted
שיהא לולב ניטל במדינה that the lulav should be taken in the provinces
שבעה [all] seven [days of Succos]
 זכר למקדש as commemoration of the Beis Hamikdosh
ושיהא יום הנף and that on the day of the waiving [of the korban omer]
כולו אסור

[the eating of chadash] was entirely forbidden.

   

NOTES

משנה יא

מקום שנהגו לכפול - From אודך and onwards.

לברך אחריו יברך - The bracha at the beginning of Hallel, however, may not be dispensed with.

הלוקח לולב מחברו - The lulav is not a problem during shmittah, as lulavim sold for Succos would be passed their budding stage, which is when the laws of sheviis would apply to it, by Rosh Hashanah.  An esrog, on the other hand, is treated like a vegetable and goes by when it is picked.  This is the explanation provided by the gemara; רע"ב however says that a lulav is deffierent as it is not fruit, but an "עץ בעלמא" to which קדושת שביעית does not apply.  The seller here is an עם הארץ who cannot be relied upon to properly dispose of money from the sale of produce of sheviis.

נותן לו אתרוג במתנה - And its price is added to the price paid for the lulav.

משנה יב

במדינות - Here this refers to anywhere outside of the Beis Hamikdosh, including Jerusalem.

יום הנף - Although מדאורייתא one could begin eating chadash when the eastern skies lit up in the morning, he did not want people to become used to such a practice and thus continuing it after the Beis Hamikdosh was rebuilt, at which point one has to wait until after the korban omer was brought.

 

 

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