And there are those [measures] in with they spoke

in large measures (rather than small or medium):

A ladle's worth of the dust of a decomposed corpse (which is tamei only in that amount or greater)

is equivalent to the volume of large doctor's ladle (which was larger than standard ladles);

the  split bean of negaim (the minimum measure of tzoraas)

is equivalent to the split bean of Cilicia;

one who eats on Yom Kippur

like a large date,

like its equivalent and and its pit (will have transgressed the prohibition against eating on that day)

And of leather wine and oil bottles,

שעורן

their measure (of a hole large enough to render them tahor)

is like the size of a large whorl (a wheel shaped weight used with a spindle for spinning thread);

and a window

that was not man-made

its measure (to allow tumah conveyed by a canopy to spread through it)

is like the volume of a large fist,

this is the fist

of ben Battiach (a particular person known to have very large hands);

Rabbi Yosi says

this is as a large head of a man;

and that [window] which was man made,

its measure

is like the size of the large auger of the [Temple] chamber (this refers to a particular drill used in the Temple's upkeep),

which is like an Italian pundyon,

as like a Neronian sela,

and like the size of the hole that is in a yoke (used to hold a peg that the reins were fastened to).

פרק יז משנה יג

All [utensils made from creatures] that are in the sea are tahor,

except for the dog of the sea (it is not clear what animal this is; some suggest an otter)

as it flees to the dry land,

these are the words of Rabbi Akiva.

One who makes utensils

from that which grows in the sea

and attached to them

from that which grows on land,

even a thread,

even a string,

[but] something that is susceptible to tumah,

it is tamei.