מסכת כלים פרק י משנה א | |
אלו כלים מצילין |
These utensils protect |
בצמיד פתיל |
with a sealed cover: |
כלי גללים |
Utensils of dung; |
כלי אבנים |
utensils of stone; |
כלי אדמה |
utensils of clay; |
כלי חרס |
utensils of earthenware; |
וכלי נתר |
and utensils of nesser (a variety of earthenware; see 2:1); |
עצמות הדג ועורו |
[utensils made from] bones of fish and their skins; |
עצמות חיה שבים ועורה |
[utensils made from] bones of sea animals and their skins; |
וכלי עץ הטהורים |
and wooden utensils that are tahor (that are not susceptible to tumah); |
מצילים בין מפיהם |
they protect whether from their mouths (i.e. the seal is over their normal opening), |
בין מצדיהן |
whether from their sides (when the seal covers an abnormal hole in their wall), |
בין יושבין על שוליהן |
whether they are sitting on their bottoms, |
בין מטין על צדיהן |
whether they are tilted on their sides; |
היו כפויים על פיהן |
if they were turned over onto their mouths |
מצילים כל שתחתיהן |
they protect all that is beneath them |
עד התהום |
until the depths [of the earth], |
רבי אליעזר מטמא |
Rabbi Eliezer rules it is tamei (when the item is below, but not within the vessel). |
על הכל מצילין |
They protect everything |
חוץ מכלי חרס |
except earthenware utensils |
שאינו מציל |
that (by rabbinic decree) do not protect, |
אלא על האכלים |
[anything] except food, |
ועל המשקין |
and drink, |
ועל כלי חרס |
and earthenware utensils. |
פרק י משנה ב |
|
במה מקיפים |
With what may we seal? |
בסיד |
With plaster; |
ובגפסיס |
and with gypsum (a a soft sulfate mineral used to make a stronger variety of plaster); |
בזפת |
with pitch; |
ובשעוה |
and with wax; |
בטיט |
with mud; |
ובצואה |
and with dung; |
בחמר |
with mortar; |
ובחרסית |
and with earthenware fragments (that were crushed and mixed with water to form a paste); |
ובכל דבר המתמרח |
and with any matter that can be smeared. |
אין מקיפין |
We do not seal, |
לא בבעץ |
neither with tin |
ולא בעופרת |
nor with lead |
מפני שהוא פתיל |
as it covers |
ואינו צמיד |
and does not seal (these soft metals can be pressed into place, but will not adhere to form a true seal unless they are molten). |
אין מקיפין |
We do not seal |
לא בדבלה שמנה |
neither with fat pressed figs (which can have the consistency of paste) |
ולא בבצק |
and not with dough |
שנלוש במי פרות |
that has been kneaded with fruit juice (and is therefore not susceptible to tumah) |
שלא יביאנו לידי פסול |
so that it does not come to be made ineffective (if these two substances were to come into contact a qualifying liquid - water, dew, wine, oil, blood, milk or honey from bees - they would become susceptible to tumah and would no longer qualify as a seal), |
ואם הקיף הציל |
and if one did surround (i.e. if one did use one of these two), it protects. |
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