| מסכת הוריות | |
|
פרק ב משנה ז |
|
|
אשם תלויא |
An uncertain guilt-offering,א |
| היחיד והנשיא חיבין | the individual and ruler [can be] liable [for it] |
| ומשיח ובית דין פטורים | and the anointed [Kohen Gadol] and Beis Din are exempt. |
| אשם ודאיב | A certain guilt offering,ב |
| היחיד והנשיא והמשיח | the individual, the ruler and the anointed |
| חיבין | [can be] liable [for it], |
| ובית דין פטורין | and Beis Din is exempt. |
| על שמיעת הקול | For the hearing of the voice (i.e. falsely denying, under oath, that one can testify to something in beis din) |
| ועל בטוי שפתים | and the vain utterances of the lips (i.e. falsely swearing about one's past or future behavior) |
| ועל טמאת מקדש וקדשיו | and for the defilement of the Temple or its consecrated items, |
| בית דין פטוריןג | Beis Din is exemptג |
| והיחיד והנשיא והמשיח | and the individual, the ruler and the anointed |
| חיבין | are liable, |
| אלא שאין כוהן גדול חיב | except the Kohen Gadol is not liable |
| על טמאת מקדש וקדשיוד | for the defilement of the Temple or its consecrated items,ד |
| דברי רבי שמעון | these are the words of Rabbi Shimon. |
| ומה הן מביאין | And what to they bring? |
| קרבן עולה ויורד | A sacrifice [whose value] rises and falls [depending on the penitent's income]. |
| רבי אליעזר אומר | Rabbi Eliezer says |
| הנשיא מביא שעירה | the ruler brings a goat.ה |
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פרק ג משנה א |
|
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כהן משיח שחטא |
The anointed kohen that sins |
| ואחר כך | and after than |
| עבר ממשיחותו |
passes from his [status of] anointment |
| וכן הנשיא שחטא | and similarly the ruler that sinds |
| ואחר כך עבר מגדולתו | and after passes from his greatness, |
| כהן משיח מביא פר | the anointed kohen brings a bull |
| והנשיא מביא שעירו | and the ruler brings a goat.ו |
הערת שוליים
א.
This is brought when one is uncertain as to whether or
not they have actually transgressed. The reason why the כהן
גדול and בית דין are exempt
from this is that it says regarding their being liable for a קרבו
that ונודעה הדבר, that the matter was known,
implying no uncertainty.
ב.
This includes the אשם מעילות, אשם גזילות, אשם נזירות, אשם מצורה, and שפחה
חרופה.
The
בית דין is exempt from this because with
regard to the אשם it says נפש כי תחטא,
implying only individual liability, but not for an entire
בית דין.
ג. Again it says ונפש כי תחטא
regarding these, and so בית דין will be exempt.
ד. The reason for this is that it says
with regard to this transgression ונכרתה הנפש ההיא מתוך הקהל,
implying someone whose ordinary קרבן חטאת is the
same as that of everyone else in the קהל, which is
not the case by the כהן גדול.
ה. He holds that the ruler must bring
the same sacrifice as he would bring for any other transgression punishable
by כרת.
ו. In other words, they bring a
קרבן in accordance with their status at the time of the
trasngression.